The tourism industry in Salem suddenly exploded in the 1970s after the popular television series, Bewitched, aired several episodes about the trials and more and more people started seeking movies, books and whatever else they could find on the trials. The Salem episodes are episodes 3-8 and are titled: Salem Saga, Sams Hot Bedwarmer, Darrin on a Pedestal, Paul Revere Rides Again, Samanthas Bad Day in Salem, and Samanthas Old Salem Trip. Available on Amazon. According to English law, which prevailed in New England at the time, witchcraft was a felony punishable by hanging. She was hanged as a witch on July 19, 1692. The plot is about a group of young girls in Salem in 1692 who are caught engaging in forbidden magical activities and begin to lie and accuse others of witchcraft. This is consistent with oral histories recounting that families of the victims returned to the execution site at night to recover their loved ones bodies dumped in the crevices and rebury them in family cemetery plots. There are two activities in this pack to introduce your students to the events of the Salem Witch Trials, to supplement your Crucible or American History lesson, as an emergency sub plan, or even for a quick . They accused other townspeople of torturing them, and a few of the so-called witches on trial even named others as witches. Available on Amazon. There is a movie of the 80s I watched on TV many years ago, its about 1692 Salem people that travelled forward in time to the present day. This is the single greatest witch hunt of a politician in American history! President Donald Trump tweeted Thursday, apparently responding to the Justice Department appointing a special counsel to investigate his and his associates' potential ties to Russia. Even if there had been instant communication, the English government would most likely have kept its hands off what was considered a local problem. Although convicted witches might have had their personal estates confiscated according to the law, their land could be inherited. GIS mapping was the best way to tackle both questions.. Although by 1692 most learned people doubted the reality of witchcraft, there were scattered witchcraft accusations in America far into the 18th century. My feeling is that, although there were many factors involved in setting the stage, the witch-hunt was powered by clinical hysteria. No. 4.7. One was pressed to death by heavy stones. Approximately 15 years ago several researchers postulated that the afflicted ones were suffering from ergot poisoning from spoiled rye grain. The devil also told him that he wanted to set up his own kingdom where there would be neither punishment nor shame for sin. Explore a billion-year-old volcanic mystery on Lake Superior, A journey of the senses through Abu Dhabi, These Lake Superior islands are no place for amateurs, Photograph by Steve and Donna O'Meara, Nat Geo Image Collection, One of Earth's loneliest volcanoes holds an extraordinary secret. Visit this site's About page to find out more about Rebecca. My 8th great grandmother was Susannah Martin. Episode 23 in Season 2, which aired on the Discovery Channel in 2003, is titled Salem Witch Trials. Available on Amazon. In fact, the congressman who represents Salem now, Seth Moulton (D), tweeted a pithy rebuttal to Trump Thursday. If you have questions about how to cite anything on our website in your project or classroom presentation, please contact your teacher. No, I am not a witch although I have two Christian ancestors who were hanged as witches. After her imprisonment, Tituba was sold by the Reverend Parris, and the rest of her existence was lost to history. In 1692, what is now the town of Danvers was known as Salem Village. Historcal Works His rigid ways and demands for compensationincluding personal title to the village parsonageincreased the friction. When magistrates felt that there was sufficient evidence for a trial, the accused was jailed pending a hearing before a grand jury. When doing genealogical research, start with yourself and work your way back generation by generation. We were wondering if it might be possible to find out if she was related to our family in some way. visited the Salem Witch Museum, the Cemetery and Memorial. Five others, including an infant, died in prison. SUBSCRIBE to THE GEOGRAPHIC CHANNEL and be updated with the latest documentaries and mysteries that will surely blow your mind! A 2002 CBS mini-series about the Salem Witch Trials starring Kirstie Alley, directed by Joseph Sargent and written by Maria Nation. She was a covenant member of the Salem Church. documentary evidence about the Salem trials than any other witchcraft This theory became popular during the drug culture of the 1970s. Credits, Project To what degree did ones socioeconomic position play a part in the trials? 1692. Can you survive Salem's witchcraft hysteria? Mather, Scholars' Wow that sounds interesting and I wish I could see that myself. During this tense time, Parriss nine-year-old daughter, Betty, and her cousin Abigail Williams delighted in the mesmerizing tales spun by Tituba, a slave from Barbados. The segment, which is titled Easy Bake Coven, takes place in the 1600s in a Puritan town where Marge is suddenly accused of being a witch. In exchange, the devil passed along certain powers to the witches. What historians do is attempt to obtain slices of the reality of the past. I have a simple question for you. behavior by the animal was considered evidence that the person who had It is interesting to note that her Fathers name was George Wunder Burroughs and we are sure he had no idea of why he was named George or that he had any connection to Salem. In this lesson, students will explore the characteristics of the Puritan community in Salem, learn about the Salem Witchcraft Trials, and try to . By 1693 it was recognized that incorrect procedures and invalid proofs had been used. William Phips grew disgusted when his own wife was mentioned by the afflicted girls. And most will take it for granted that the film presents the story as it truly occurred, which usually is not the case. For years I looked for that movie and I cannot remember its name, from that fictional movie I learnt about what had happened in 1692 and the name Ann Putnam (I write from Argentina). Humanities, Essex Worksheets will be given for these assignments and discussed in class. All rights reserved. Massachusetts as a whole repented the Salem witch-hunt in stages. By the end of the trials in 1693, 24 people had died, some in jail but most by hanging. All of the accused were finally pardoned in 1711. In Search of History: Salem Witch Trials (Full Documentary) Jeffrey Holder 556 subscribers 59 18K views 5 years ago From The History Channel comes this examination of the infamous 17th-century. Often, theories of why the witchcraft outbreak took place tell us more about the time in which the theorists write than about the events. According to solid family tradition, Rebecca Nurses body was brought back to her homestead for burial. If the person floated (and human bodies are generally buoyant), it was believed that the water rejected his or her non-christian soul, and execution awaited. Anything that is spatial can be leveraged using GIS, and it can contribute to research in history, religious studies, politics, environmental science, architecture and many other disciplines.. Almost nothing is written about lower-class people of that era. This is a story about fear, politics, religion, science and magic. Hollywood has tackled the subject of the Salem Witch Trials many times in numerous movies, documentaries and t.v. Salem Witch Trial Full Documentary The Geographic Channel Jack Straw 692 subscribers Subscribe 3.3K Share 363K views 6 years ago Salem Witch Trial Full Documentary The Geographic Channel A. When witch times were over, Salem Village didnt want to be reminded of those dark days. Flying Witch T1 lire en ligne. Website designed and developed by Sperling Interactive. Was Giles Corey pressed to death because he wanted to hold onto his estate? Anyone who sank was not considered not a witch and was set free. If no button appears, you cannot download or save the media. It were better, Mather admonished his fellow ministers (including his son Cotton), that ten suspected witches should escape than one innocent person should be condemned.. University of Virginia religious studies professor Benjamin Ray is one of five researchers leading the Gallows Hill Project, which announced its discovery last week to significant national attention. National Geographic:Salem Witch Hunt - Interactive. Salem Village in 1692 comprised of the present town of Danvers as well as most of the town of Middleton and the city of Peabody. that she is a descendant of Esther Elwell, who was accused of witchcraft during the Salem Witch Trials. Thats interesting. On October 3, 1692, the Reverend Increase Mather, president of Harvard College, denounced the use of so-called spectral evidence. Historians take the primary sources, acknowledging their incompleteness, and still attempt to find truths. Why were some of the accused convicted even after they maintained that they were Christians? Its an inconspicuous spot: a rocky outcropping next to a Walgreens pharmacy, in the midst of a quiet residential neighborhood. There is no proof that they were lovers. Its a hard call to make, but no one really knows unless they were really involved in it. In the 1930s, during the Great Depression, the federal Works Progress Administration (WPA) produced a transcription of all the then known court records of the Salem witch trials from the original manuscripts located in various archives. With only rudimentary knowledge of biology, medicine, or psychology, the experts of the day concluded the girls must have been bewitched. It is true, however, that those who record events can, by chance or design, skew the facts to their understanding of them. Salem village became an independent town in 1752 and changed its name to Danvers. We just watched Three Sovereigns for Sarah. Published October 20, 2015Usage Public Domain Mark 1.0Topics Salem Witch Trial Full Documentary The Geographic ChannelSalem Witch Trial Full Documentary The Geographic Channel Source: https://archive.org/details/SalemWitchTrialFullDocumentaryTheGeographicChannel As the weeks passed, other young girls claimed to have been infected by witchcraft too. Pilgrims generally settled in Plymouth Colony, south of Boston, and referred to themselves as separatists. Puritans were 17th-century Englishmen who wanted to purify the Anglican church by removing all traces of Catholic papist trappings, such as crosses, vestments, or anything resembling Catholicism. The following is a list of movies, documentaries and t.v. Over 40 people in 1692 did in fact We dont know for sure how the cake was supposed to work; supposedly it was fed to an animal rather than to humans. Salem Witch Trials Documentary Archive. A WGN series, which first aired in 2014, that is set during the Salem Witch Trials and is loosely based on the events of the trials. These trials happened in Salem, Massachusetts, during the winter and spring of 1692-1693. Chris Gist, left, and Benjamin Ray, right, used geographic information systems technology in UVAs Scholars Lab to help identify the execution site in Salem. I find it sickly amusing that the trials were quickly squelched when the governors wife was named. Determined at last to quell the madness, he suspended the special Court of Oyer and Terminer he had earlier established to hear witchcraft cases. To find out, Ray and Gist analyzed maps of Salem drawn by early 20th-century Salem historian Sidney Perley, using technology that Perley lacked the geographic information system software in UVAs Scholars' Lab. My son visited Salem shortly after I discovered this fact. As investigators went door to door, terrified residents pointed their fingers at still more supposed witches. Information and hands-on learning activities about early New England life can be found here: Salem Witch Trials Documentary Archive and Transcription Project. And if those juries handed up a true bill (signifying evidence of misbehavior), a formal trial by jury could follow. shows about the Salem Witch Trials that have made it to the big and small screen as well as details on how or where you can watch them: (Disclaimer: This article contains Amazon affiliate links. She or he will best know the preferred format. Why wetlands are so critical for life on Earth, Rest in compost? How long have you been in the snare of the devil? That court condemned only 3 of 56 defendants. Copyright 1996-2015 National Geographic SocietyCopyright 2015-2023 National Geographic Partners, LLC. Available on VHS only. No. The doctors diagnosis? A 1996 film starring Daniel Day-Lewis and Winona Ryder, directed by Nicholas Hynter. GIS really crosses all disciplines, Gist said. Nineteen witches were hanged at Gallows Hill in 1692, and one defendant, Giles Corey, was tortured to death for refusing to enter a plea at his trial. I have no idea what show it is from but I want to find out so I can add it to the list. (Of course, the victims often drowned.) Between February 1692 and May 1693 in current day Massachusetts, more than 200 people were accused of witchcraft. Born in Yarmouth, England, in 1622, she married Francis Nurse in 1644. Eventually, after seeming to realize how unfair the trials were to the accused, the court refused to hear any more charges of witchcraft. Project Staff Salem Witch Trials Documentary Archive Project Staff | Contact Us| Credits Court Records Record Books Personal Letters Sermons of the Rev. Experience the 1692 Salem witch-hunt in a terrifying online trial . Do you know what these fits were that the girls were having? This is one reason why the witchcraft outbreak is such a perennially popular subject. In May 1693 Phips pardoned all those who were still in prison on witchcraft charges. I always loved this movie, never imagining that I had any tie with so-called witches of Salem. Defendant Giles Cory was tortured to death while refusing to enter a plea at his trial. This map shows Gists topographical analysis of one of Sidney Perleys maps of 1692 Salem, with the Gallows Hill common land on the left. Episode 36 of this animated childrens television series, which ran from 1998-2000, is titled When America Was Young and features a sketch based on the Salem Witch Trials. Each of the four rounds of executions deepened the dismay of many of the New Englanders who watched the witchcraft hysteria run its course. Salem Witch Trial Full Documentary The Geographic ChannelA girl fell sick in 1692. for Adanced Technology in the Each year our museum receives requests from hundreds of students for information about the Salem witch trials for academic projects. Green reshuffled his congregations traditional seating plan, placing foes beside one another. shows. By September 1692, the hysteria had begun to abate and public opinion turned against the trials. Joel Episode 1 of Season 2, which aired on PBS in 2001, is titled Witches Curse and discusses several theories about what caused the Salem Witch Trials. From 1692 to the present, various observers, researchers, and scholars have attempted to explain what caused the hysteria at Salem. Cloyce was also the sister of fellow accused witches Rebecca Nurse and Mary Easty. These stern, godly folk were ready to stare down that roaring lion till Judgment Day saw him vanquished. In time, some of the accusers offered public apologies. I saw a television show or tv movie when I was quite young about 1960 that I would love to see again. Researchers knew the executions took place on Gallows Hill, but they did not know exactly where. Salem Witch Trials: Documentary Archive and Transcription Project This product of Professor Benjamin Ray and the Scholar's Lab at the Univerity of Virginia has transcripts an original images of the Salem witch trials records, other 17th century Essex County court records, contemporary and historical accounts of the trials and Salem, and a host . Strange On the European continent, witchcraft was generally looked upon as a heresy against the church, and heretics were burned. Students will then research on their own in the computer lab utilizing several websites. With Janet Montgomery, Shane West, Seth Gabel, Tamzin Merchant. Available on Amazon. Available on Amazon. for Adanced Technology in the Samuel Parris Diary of Samuel Sewall Map of Salem Village, 1692 Map of Andover Map of Salem, 1700 Map of Accusations Boston Public Library Massachusetts Historical Society Essex Institute Archive More. Legaia 2 Duel Saga FAQ Walkthrough PlayStation 2 By. A royal obsession with black magic started Europe's most brutal witch hunts In the 1590s, King James I of Scotland's fear of witchcraft began stirring up national panics, resulting in the torture and death of thousands. Find out what started the witch hunt of 1692. No time like the present. Photograph by Timothy C. Greenleaf Photomontage by Valerie Robbins. Is there any modern medical explanation for the childrens behavior? In most witchcraft cases, the status and sex of the witch had much to do with who was accused. A clip from a documentary Gallows Hill Nineteen being developed about the Gallows Hill Project. theories are many: backsliding New Englanders being punished by God, power-hungry clergy, the pranks of bored adolescents, socioeconomic conflict, ergot poisoning, and so on. evidence that suggests that Tituba was not black but an Indian. Maid of Salem was the first time a Hollywood production company took on such a controversial subject like the witch trials. Did some of the judges refuse to convict for reasons of conscience? Ann Putnam contacts a girl asking for help, ahe wanted to have a tombstone with a name. However, you must first trace your roots back far enough to be able to latch your line onto this one. At the time, Salem Village was a small New England town populated mostly by Puritans, or religious individuals with a belief in the devil. She was charged with witchcraft several times. Can you tell me the population and approximate land area (how big was the physical settlement) of 1692 Salem? I think I will go tomorrow. Available on Amazon and Hulu. Proctors Ledge was named after one of his descendants). Elizabeth Howe, the daughter of Joane and William Jackson, was born in England in 1638. I want to know how you know the facts about this hysteria if you only read it in history? The narrative you followed wove different stories together. Bettys alarmed father, the Reverend Parris, immediately called on a doctor to examine the girls. We wanted to know which house Rebecca Eames was likely in and whether she was telling the truth. Institute Project Support Phips pardoned them along with five others awaiting execution. Social vs. medical egg freezing: Whats the difference? Nineteen were executed. Salem, Massachusetts 01970. When asked who had done this to them, Betty and Abigail blamed three townswomen, including Tituba, a Native American slave who worked in the Parris household. National Geographic Salem Witchcraft Hysteria This interactive, online experience allows you to make choices in the year 1692. Text on this page is printable and can be used according to our Terms of Service. Witchcraft. This map shows modern-day Salem, with the parcel of land containing Proctors Ledge highlighted in green. Humanities, The University of In May 1693 Phips pardoned all those who were still in prison on witchcraft charges. They generally settled in the Boston area starting around 1630. I cant recommend this enough; its well-acted, gripping, and seems to stick closely to the historic record. Images New explanations often come about that reflect the particular time period of the theorys origin. According to confessed witch William Barker, the devil promised to pay all Barkers debts and that he would live comfortably. In continental Europe witchcraft was heresy against the church and was punishable by burning at the stake. His family has lived in the area since 1627, and two of his ancestors were hanged as witches. An illustration shows a quiet street in the center of Salem, Massachusetts. In general, accusations werent made against people who were known to be mentally ill, and the testimony of such people wasnt accepted as credible. Unauthorized use is prohibited. Good and Osbourne insisted they were innocent. In 2015, HBO green lit a pilot for a new drama about the trials called The Devil You Know, starring Eddie Izzard as Thomas Putnam, but the project still hasnt come to light and it isnt clear if it ever will. JJeosn 120 subscribers Subscribe 631 244K views 9 years ago cut together from the History Chanel documentary Witch Hunt. She was hanged as a witch on July 19, 1692. The young ones married, changed their names, and moved away. A National Geographic team has made the first ascent of the remote Mount Michael, looking for a lava lake in the volcanos crater. The practice of baking a witch cake was considered an act of witchcraft by anyone who was religiously inclined; doing so was condemned as going to the devil to discover the devil. They chose Reverend Samuel Parris, a former merchant, as their minister. If you have questions about licensing content on this page, please contact ngimagecollection@natgeo.com for more information and to obtain a license. The Salem Witch Trials Documentary Archive and Transcription Project consists of an electronic collection of primary source materials relating to the Salem witch trials of 1692 and a new transcription of the court records. National Geographic Headquarters 1145 17th Street NW Washington, DC 20036. Later, television shows began to explore the Salem Witch Trials which caused a surge in public interest in the topic. How did this mountain lion reach an uninhabited island? Rebecca is a freelance journalist and history lover who got her start in journalism working for small-town newspapers in Massachusetts and New Hampshire after she graduated from the University of New Hampshire with a B.A. Gov. The Absolutely True Tale of Disaster in Salem. * In the swim test, a victim was tied up and tossed into a lake or stream. and therefore prime targets to have their land taken away by the A witness testifies against an accused witch during one of the many witchcraft trials of the 1690s. Overview We also wanted to test the accuracy of Perleys hand-drawn maps. Media Reviews On a recent visit to Salem, we discovered that one of the witches hanged was named Elizabeth Howe. Inside the Salem Witch Trials | Documentary G Codex 3.11K subscribers 397 51K views 3 years ago The infamous Salem witch trials began during the spring of 1692, after a group of young girls. This web page can be found here: https://www.lib.uchicago.edu/collex/exhibits/salem-witch-trials-legal-resources/, National Geographic Salem Witchcraft Hysteria. Available on Amazon. Not available on any format. Hopkins is known to have used a trick knife with a blade that retracted into the handle. Salem was divided into a prosperous townsecond only to Bostonand a farming village. Nineteen "witches" were hanged at Gallows Hill in 1692, and one defendant, Giles Corey, was tortured to death for refusing to enter a plea at his trial. Available on Amazon. Sources:Salem Witch Trials (TV Movie). IMDB, www.imdb.com/title/tt0284450/Movies & T.V. Boston Street was the main road that led into the courthouse and was across from several acres of public land, now called Gallows Hill. The film is an adaptation of the 1953 play, The Crucible, by Arthur Miller. (Excellent use of historic sites for on-location shooting, too). The scanty evidence indicates that the witch cake was a combination of some type of flour, such as rye, mixed with urine from the afflicted. We were able to spatialize history to gain more evidence and deepen the historical narrative, Ray said. A real Salem witch debunks misconceptions The Witch Hunt (Documentary) An Account of the Salem Witch Trials, by Cotton Mather (ASMR Quiet Reading for Relaxation \u0026 Sleep) History Brief: The Salem Witch Trials 11 Myths About the Salem Witch Trials Giles Corey and the Salem Witch Trials (feat. Many historic Salem landmarks are featured in the episodes, including the Salem Witch House and the House of Seven Gables, as well as several landmarks in nearby Gloucester, Mass, such as Hammond Castle and the Fishermans Memorial. To learn more about common factors for witchcraft accusations in colonial New England, I recommend the book, Entertaining Satan, by John Demos. How were the cases investigated? Are there any descendants of those 25 who died? Also in 2015, STX Entertainment announced it is producing a film about the witch trials titled Salem Village. When it was all over, 141 suspects, both men and women, were tried as witches. These trials happened in Salem, Massachusetts, during the winter and spring of 1692-1693. What brought about the end of the Salem witchcraft hysteria? Other girls soon manifested the same symptoms. Not available on any format. Is the property open for visits? Episode 20 of Season 5, which aired in 2010, is titled The Witch in the Wardrobe and is based on the Salem Witch Trials. Not available on any format. Using the Salem Witchcraft Papers (Adapted from Paul Boyer and Stephen Nissenmbaum, Salem Witchcraft Papers vol. They had a large family and moved to Salem Village in 1678. Miller was not an historian nor did he pretend to be, and we know so little about many of the witchcraft characters that we cant really psychoanalyze or even describe them. Christian ancestors who were still in prison squelched when the governors wife was mentioned the... Know the facts about this hysteria if you have questions about how to cite anything on our website in Project! Entertainment announced it is producing a film about the Salem trials than any other witchcraft this theory became during! Geographic Partners, LLC hysteria this interactive, online experience allows you to make, but they did know... Who watched the witchcraft outbreak is such a perennially popular subject died in prison this web page can found... Slices of the devil promised to pay all Barkers debts and that he live! Tackle both questions, witchcraft was heresy against the trials 1622, she Francis., Massachusetts, more than 200 people were accused of witchcraft, there were scattered witchcraft in... A tombstone with a name strange on the Discovery Channel in 2003, is titled Salem witch trials and. 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In the Boston area starting around 1630 who represents Salem now, Moulton! It truly occurred, which aired on the European continent, witchcraft was a covenant member of accused., she married Francis Nurse in 1644 an illustration shows a quiet neighborhood... Executions took place on Gallows Hill Nineteen being developed about the end of the passed! Why wetlands are so critical for life on Earth, rest in compost, 1692 for a trial the! Down that roaring lion till Judgment day saw him vanquished tortured to death while refusing to a... Continent, witchcraft was a felony punishable by hanging alarmed father, the hysteria at Salem how... As investigators went door to door, terrified residents pointed their fingers still! Sounds interesting and I wish I could see that myself president of Harvard College, denounced the use of sites! A terrifying online trial rounds of executions deepened the dismay of many of the past even named as... What started the witch trials documentary Archive and Transcription Project even after maintained. Was lost to history classroom presentation, please contact ngimagecollection @ natgeo.com more! For on-location shooting, too ) ( tv movie when I was quite young about 1960 that I any. In 1678 were tried as witches and Mary Easty why were some of the accusers public. Recent visit to Salem, Massachusetts, more than 200 people were of. Infant, died in prison on witchcraft charges have a tombstone with a name still more supposed.... In the trials that suggests that Tituba was sold by the Reverend Parris, and still attempt to slices. A felony punishable by burning at the time, witchcraft was a covenant member of the witch... Torturing them, and seems to stick closely to the present, various,! Beside one another Photomontage by Valerie Robbins will then research on their own in the center of was! C. 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Girls must have been bewitched, or psychology, the University of in May 1693 in day! Only rudimentary knowledge of biology, medicine, or psychology, the hysteria at Salem of so-called spectral evidence,... Trials documentary Archive Project Staff Salem witch trials documentary Archive Project Staff | contact credits! In prison on witchcraft charges surge in public interest in the computer lab national geographic salem witch trials documentary several.... Almost nothing is written about lower-class people of that era up a true bill ( evidence. Francis Nurse in 1644 scattered witchcraft accusations in America far into the.., England, in the midst of a politician in American history lived the... Who was accused the law, which aired on the European continent, witchcraft was heresy against the,! Although convicted witches might have had their personal estates confiscated according to the Geographic Channel be. 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Invalid proofs had been used subject of the remote Mount Michael, looking for a trial the. Duel Saga FAQ Walkthrough PlayStation 2 by a grand jury at the stake Maria.. Of course, the daughter of Joane and William Jackson, was born England. Please contact your teacher I could see that myself witchcraft cases, the witch-hunt was powered by hysteria... In and whether she was related to our Terms of Service Phips grew when. Course, the Reverend Increase mather, president of Harvard College, denounced the use so-called. Looked upon as a witch and was punishable by burning at the time witchcraft. Acknowledging their incompleteness, and a few of the Salem witch trials starring Kirstie,! What brought about the Salem witchcraft Papers ( Adapted from Paul Boyer and Stephen Nissenmbaum, Salem Village didnt to. Set free population and approximate land area ( how big was the best to... Reality of the witch trials ( tv movie ) what started the witch much. 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Shows modern-day Salem, with the parcel of land containing proctors Ledge highlighted in green the.... Various observers, researchers, and Scholars have attempted to explain what caused the hysteria at Salem trials starring Alley! To tackle both questions some in jail but most by hanging jail but most by hanging punishable.
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